Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) refers to the deep understanding that Indigenous peoples have of their local ecosystems, developed over thousands of years through direct interaction with the land. For California’s First People, TEK encompasses practices related to the sustainable management of natural resources, such as controlled burns, seasonal harvesting, and the protection of critical habitats. These methods are rooted in a respectful relationship with nature, recognizing the interconnectedness of all living things.

TEK is crucial not only for maintaining cultural traditions and ways of life but also for environmental stewardship. As modern conservation efforts increasingly embrace Indigenous practices, TEK offers valuable insights for restoring ecosystems, enhancing biodiversity, and addressing climate change challenges. For the First People of California, it is a living knowledge system that ensures the health of the land, water, and species for future generations.

Prescribed fire, also known as a 'controlled burn' or 'prescribed burn,' is a deliberate and planned fire utilized to achieve specific management goals. These goals are outlined in a prescription, which takes into account factors such as public safety, weather conditions, and the likelihood of meeting the burn objectives.

Prescribed fire is a crucial tool in modern fire management. Each fire is carefully planned in advance, with a scientific prescription detailing its objectives, fuel sources, size, and the precise environmental conditions required for ignition. These fires can serve various purposes, such as creating diverse habitats for plants and animals, aiding in the recovery of endangered species, or mitigating the risk of destructive wildfires by reducing fuel loads.